Pakistan’s interior ministry has issued a directive for all “illegal foreigners” and Afghan Citizen Card holders to leave the country by March 31. Failure to comply will result in deportation starting April 1. This move is part of a broader effort by Islamabad to manage its migrant population, particularly Afghans, who are the largest group of migrants in the country. Historically, Islamabad has linked some militant attacks and crimes to Afghan citizens, a claim Kabul has consistently denied.
Pakistan has been a significant host to Afghan refugees, with a history of providing shelter during decades of conflict in Afghanistan. The country’s interior ministry emphasized its commitment to fulfilling international obligations while ensuring that all individuals residing in Pakistan adhere to legal formalities. This stance reflects Pakistan’s ongoing efforts to balance its humanitarian responsibilities with domestic security concerns.
In 2023, Pakistan initiated a repatriation drive targeting foreign citizens without legal documentation, with a focus on Afghans. According to UN data, over 800,000 Afghans hold an Afghan Citizen Card in Pakistan, while approximately 1.3 million are formally registered with the government and possess a Proof of Residence card. However, the recent statement did not clarify how Proof of Residence holders would be affected by the new directive.
The repatriation efforts have already led to the return of more than 800,000 Afghans to Afghanistan. Historically, Pakistan has hosted around 2.8 million Afghan refugees who crossed the border during 40 years of conflict. Among these refugees are tens of thousands awaiting resettlement in the United States and other Western countries following the withdrawal of international forces from Afghanistan in 2021.
Pakistan’s decision to enforce stricter immigration policies reflects broader regional dynamics and the ongoing challenges faced by both Pakistan and Afghanistan. The situation highlights the complex interplay between humanitarian needs, security concerns, and diplomatic relations between the two nations.
